Derivative liabilities at June 30, 2018 arose from an amendment the Company entered into with Brainlab, with respect to the Brainlab Note and related warrants (the “Brainlab warrants”), the provisions of which created: (a) a conversion feature allowing for $500,000 the principal balance of the Brainlab Note to be converted in a Qualified Public Offering, as defined in the amendment, at a public offering price that may be less than market value per share of the Company’s common stock; and (b) down round strike price protection with respect to Brainlab warrants.

Derivative liabilities at December 31, 2017 arose from the amendment to the Brainlab Note described above, and from warrants, issued in 2013, that contained net-cash settlement and down-round provisions (the “2013 warrants”). The 2013 warrants expired in January 2018.

The fair values of the conversion feature and the Brainlab warrants were calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation valuation method. Assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the conversion feature at June 30, 2018 are as follows:

In addition to the assumptions above, the Company also estimates the likelihood of whether it will participate in a Qualified Public Offering prior to maturity of the Brainlab Note.

The fair values and the changes in fair values of derivative liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are as follows: